RCC Beam(Plinth,Tie,Roof) Construction

Standard Operating Procedure for constructing tie beams (connecting columns) and roof beams (supporting roof structures), ensuring structural integrity and compliance with IS 456:2000 safety regulations.

Duration: 5-10 days Team: 4-8 workers Risk Level: Medium

1. Purpose

To establish a standard and safe method for constructing tie beams (connecting columns) and roof beams (supporting roof structures), ensuring structural integrity and compliance with IS 456:2000 and safety regulations.

2. Scope

Applicable to all construction projects involving tie beams and roof beams for residential, commercial, and industrial structures including the 50MWP Ampyr Solar Project in Dhule, Maharashtra.

3. Responsibilities

Site Engineer

Supervises construction & ensures compliance with drawings

Surveyor

Ensures proper marking and alignment

Safety Officer

Enforces PPE usage and safety protocols

Masons & Helpers

Execute bar bending, shuttering, and concreting

4. Tools & Equipment

Measuring Tools

Measuring Tape, Chalk Line, Spirit Level

Cutting Equipment

Steel Cutting & Bending Machines

Formwork

Shuttering Plates, Props, Clamps

Concrete Equipment

Concrete Mixer, Vibrator Machine

Safety Equipment

Helmets, Gloves, Safety Shoes, Reflective Vests

5. Procedure

1
Pre-Construction Preparations
  • Review structural drawings for beam dimensions and reinforcement details
  • Ensure materials (cement, sand, aggregate, steel) are available and tested
  • Mark beam alignment and levels using reference points
  • Conduct a safety briefing for workers
2
Reinforcement Work
  • Cut and bend steel bars as per BBS (Bar Bending Schedule)
  • Place reinforcement bars in position with proper spacing and clear cover
  • Tie rebars using binding wire to prevent displacement
  • Follow proper lapping guidelines as per IS 456:2000:
  • Top Bars: Lapping at mid-span (center of beam) where bending moment is minimum
  • Bottom Bars: Lapping near supports (L/4 distance from support) where bending moment is lower
  • Staggered Laps: Stagger in different bars to avoid weakening at a single point
  • Lap Length: 40D to 50D (where D = diameter of bar) for tension members
  • Provide stirrups at specified intervals to maintain strength
  • Fix chairs and spacers to maintain concrete cover
3
Formwork / Shuttering
  • Fix side and bottom shuttering as per beam dimensions
  • Ensure joints are tight to avoid concrete leakage
  • Apply shuttering oil for easy removal later
  • Support the formwork using props to prevent sagging
  • Check alignment and level before concreting
4
Concreting Process
  • Ensure concrete mix is as per design (M20, M25, etc.)
  • Pour concrete in layers and compact using vibrators
  • Avoid over-vibrating to prevent segregation
  • Maintain proper curing during hot weather
5
Curing & Deshuttering
  • Keep beam wet for at least 7–14 days for proper strength
  • Follow deshuttering time guidelines as per IS 456:2000:
  • Side Shutters (Beam Sides): After 24–48 hours
  • Soffit (Bottom Shutter) of Beams:
  • Up to 4.5m span: Minimum 7 days
  • More than 4.5m and up to 6m span: Minimum 14 days
  • More than 6m span: 21 days
  • Consider factors affecting deshuttering time:
  • Concrete mix design (higher grades may require more curing)
  • Ambient temperature & weather conditions
  • Load-bearing conditions (temporary supports may be required)
  • Remove formwork only after achieving sufficient strength
  • Check for honeycombs or cracks and repair if needed

6. Safety Measures

PPE Usage

Ensure all workers wear required PPE at all times

Work Area

Keep work area clean to avoid tripping hazards

Scaffolding

Use proper scaffolding for working at heights

Load Limits

Do not overload formwork before concrete setting

Emergency Plan

Have emergency response plan ready

7. Post-Construction Activities

Remove debris and clean the site
Conduct a final inspection of beam alignment and strength
Ensure beams are ready for the next construction stage
Document any deviations from design specifications
Seek approval from structural engineer if needed

8. Documentation & Compliance

Maintain daily progress records
Conduct quality and safety audits
Ensure compliance with IS 456:2000 standards
Document material test results
Take photographic evidence at key stages

9. Conclusion

By following this Standard Operating Procedure, the construction of tie beams and roof beams will be safe, efficient, and structurally sound. Proper execution ensures durability and strength for the entire structure. All work must be inspected and approved before proceeding to the next construction phase.

10. Pro Tips

Checking Levels

Verify beam levels at multiple points before concreting

Hot Weather Concreting

Use cold water or add ice to mix in extreme heat

Handling Reinforcement

Store bars on wooden blocks to prevent rusting

Vibration Technique

Insert vibrator vertically at 450mm intervals

Download PDF
×

Thank You!

Thanks for your feedback Karthik. We'll review your suggestions.