Standard Operating Procedure for implementing effective waterproofing systems in various building elements including terraces, basements, bathrooms, water tanks, and other wet areas, ensuring durability and protection against water ingress.
To establish a standardized procedure for implementing effective waterproofing systems that prevent water penetration, protect structural elements, and enhance building durability while ensuring compliance with industry standards.
This SOP applies to all waterproofing activities in construction including but not limited to terraces, basements, bathrooms, water tanks, podiums, and expansion joints in residential, commercial and industrial buildings.
Used for internal wet areas like bathrooms, kitchens; economical with 5-7 years lifespan
Applied on terraces, balconies; flexible with 10-15 years durability
Used in foundations, basements; highly durable up to 20+ years
For expansion joints, metal roofs; excellent elasticity and UV resistance
For water tanks, swimming pools; penetrates concrete and becomes part of structure
Pre-fabricated sheets for large areas; high tensile strength with 15-25 years life
| Type | Durability | Thickness | Cost/m² (INR) | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cementitious | 5-7 years | 1.5-2mm | ₹85-120 | Bathrooms, Kitchens |
| Liquid Membrane | 10-15 years | 1mm per coat | ₹180-250 | Terraces, Balconies |
| Bituminous | 20+ years | 3mm | ₹220-300 | Foundations, Basements |
| Polyurethane | 15-20 years | 1.2mm | ₹350-500 | Expansion Joints, Metal Roofs |
| Crystalline | Lifetime of structure | 1-2mm | ₹280-400 | Water Tanks, Swimming Pools |
Overall planning, coordination, and final quality inspection
Supervises application process and ensures adherence to specifications
Checks material quality and conducts tests (adhesion, water ponding)
Ensures PPE usage and safe handling of waterproofing chemicals
Skilled workers trained in application techniques
Conducts regular inspections as per maintenance schedule
Cementitious compounds, polymer-based liquid membranes, bituminous coatings
Fiberglass mesh, polyester fabric, corner tapes
Brushes, rollers, trowels, squeegees, spray equipment
Wire brushes, pressure washer, grinders, sanders
Mixing paddles, drills, measuring containers
Respirators, gloves, eye protection, safety shoes
Respirators with appropriate filters when working with solvent-based products
Chemical splash goggles at all times during mixing and application
Chemical-resistant gloves, full-sleeve clothing, and aprons
Maintain minimum 4 air changes/hour in enclosed spaces
Keep fire extinguishers ready; maintain 5m distance from ignition sources
First aid kit with eye wash station; emergency contact numbers visible
Quarterly visual inspections; bi-annual detailed assessment
Keep drains, gutters clear; remove vegetation growth immediately
Apply maintenance coat every 3-5 years based on system type
Use electronic leak detection or dye test for difficult leaks
Blistering: Due to moisture trapped; cut & patch affected areas
Promptly repair cracks, punctures, and damages to prevent escalation
Ideal application temperature: 10-35°C; avoid extreme weather
Use moisture meters to verify substrate dryness before application
Multiple thin coats are better than one thick coat
Pay extra attention to corners, joints, and penetrations
Effective waterproofing is a critical aspect of building construction and maintenance that protects the structure from water damage, increases durability, and enhances occupant comfort.
Following this comprehensive SOP ensures that waterproofing is implemented to the highest quality standards and provides long-lasting protection. Always adhere to manufacturer guidelines and industry best practices. Remember that prevention is always better than cure when it comes to water ingress problems.